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Underdevelopment of the third pillar: Compared with developed countries, the scale of the second and third pillar pensions in China is relatively low, which needs to be promoted through policy guidance.2.3 Market stability improvementIncorporating index funds into the personal pension investment catalogue will also help to strengthen the education and popularization of financial market knowledge and enhance the financial literacy and risk awareness of the whole society. According to market research, individual pension investors pay more attention to the long-term performance and risk control of products when choosing investment products, which will prompt investors to pay more attention to the long-term trend and investment knowledge of financial markets, thus improving the financial literacy of the whole society.

2.5 Investor Education and Financial Literacy ImprovementThe pressure on basic old-age insurance is increasing: with the aging population, the growth rate of basic old-age insurance fund expenditure exceeds the growth rate of income, and it is estimated that the basic old-age pension gap will be close to 3 trillion yuan by 2030.The inclusion of index funds helps to optimize the structure of the capital market and increase the proportion of institutional investors. According to market analysis, the full implementation of individual pension will attract more institutional investors to participate in the market, thus improving the maturity and efficiency of the market. The increase of institutional investors will promote more rational and long-term value investment in the market and reduce irrational fluctuations in the market.

Increase investment options: Incorporating index funds provides more investment options for individual pension investors, enriches the product line and meets the needs of investors with different risk preferences.Market scale growth: The inclusion of index funds is expected to attract more individual pensions to participate, thus increasing market scale and improving market liquidity.Improvement of market stability: the entry of long-term funds into the market will help reduce short-term fluctuations in the market and improve market stability, which is of positive significance to the healthy development of the capital market.